Generation of Electrical Power

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LESSON TWO

One. Lesson Title: GENERATION OF ELECTRICAL POWER

Two. Overview:

Electricity is most often generated at a power plant by generators, primarily driven by heat engines using nuclear and fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. It can also be generated using water and wind turbines, photovoltaics and geothermal power.

This lesson discusses technologies that can be used to produce electricity - chemical, solar panels for homes, fuel-driven generators, steam turbines, hydroelectric, wind and thermal energy.

Three. Specific Objectives: At the end of this lesson, the students can

One. identify the most common sources of power used to generate electricity;

Two. differentiate ac and dc generators;

Three. discuss the conversion processes of solar energy to electricity;

Four. classify the different types of wind turbine; and

Five. explain the conversion process of hydropower, geothermal energy, and biomass to electricity.

Four. Materials Needed: Handouts, blackboard, chalks, books, LCD/LED monitor or smart tv, computer/laptop, internet service

Five. Duration: Two weeks

Six. Lesson Proper:

Chemical Action

Thermal Energy

Solar Cells (Photoelectricity)

Piezoelectric Effect (Piezoelectricity)

Thermocouples (Thermoelectrcity)

Friction

Magnetism

Generator

One. CONVENTIONAL ENERGY - GENERATING SET

Alternators

Composition of alternator:

Frequency

Example two point one

Example two point two

DC GENERATOR

Components

Two. RENEWABLE ENERGY

Two point one SOLAR ENERGY

Three conversion processes of solar energy to useful form of energy:

Solar Radiation - is the energy coming off the sun in the form of electromagnetic waves.

Components of Photovoltaic System

Electrical Energy Supply for Rural Households

Useful formula in solar energy

One. Power Output

Two. Solar Insolation or Energy Output

Three. Solar Collector Tilt Angle

Four. Solar Collector Orientation

Example two point three:

Example two point four:

Example two point five:

WIND ENERGY

Components:

Common configurations for wind turbines:

Three key locations on the wind-speed scale:

Steps for evaluating the feasibility of wind energy/electrical system:

Useful formula in wind energy

Multi-Bladed Wind Pumps

HYDROPOWER

Three main types of hydro plants:

Two main types of reaction turbine:

Useful formula in Microhydro Power Plants (one hundred kilowatts and below)

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

Uses of Geothermal Energy

Geothermal Power Plant

BIOMASS ENERGY

Biomass Resources:

Conversion of Biomass to Biofuel

Biomass Products

Gas fuel

Solid Fuel

Useful Formulas in Biomass Energy

One. Biogas Production

Two. Biogas Consumption

Three. Number of Animal Heads Required Relative to Biogas Consumption

Four. Digester Volume

Five. Gasholder Volume (with thirty percent safety factor for gas expansion)

Overview

This document provides a comprehensive overview of electricity generation methods, focusing on both conventional and renewable energy sources. It educates students on the principles and technologies involved in producing electricity.

Key Points

1Electricity can be generated through various methods including chemical, thermal, solar, and wind energy
2The document outlines specific objectives for students to understand different power sources and generation processes
3Renewable energy is defined as energy that can be renewed without significant environmental impact
4Emphasizes the importance of understanding both AC and DC generators in electricity generation

Details

Category: Technology and Engineering

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