BTVTEd / TLE specialization.
BTVTEd / TLE specialization.
INDUSTRIAL ARTS (PART ONE: ONE to ONE HUNDRED)
One. LOTO (Lock-Out, Tag-Out): Mandatory before any electrical repair.
Two. Class A Fire: Wood, paper, cloth (Use Water/ABC).
Three. Class B Fire: Flammable liquids like oil/gas (Use CO2/ABC).
Four. Class C Fire: Electrical fires (Never use water).
Five. Class D Fire: Combustible metals.
Six. V equals I times R: Ohm's Law (Voltage equals Current times Resistance).
Seven. P equals V times I: Power Law (Watts equals Voltage times Amps).
Eight. Series Circuit: One path; if one bulb breaks, all go out.
Nine. Parallel Circuit: Multiple paths; used in household wiring.
Ten. Continuity Test: Checking if a circuit is "closed" or "open."
Eleven. Multimeter/Avometer: Measures Amps, Volts, and Ohms.
Twelve. Soldering: Joining metals using a filler at low temperature.
Thirteen. Brazing: Joining metals at a temperature above four hundred fifty degrees Celsius.
Fourteen. Flux: Prevents oxidation during soldering.
Fifteen. Tinning: Coating the soldering iron tip with solder.
Sixteen. Cold Solder: A dull, brittle joint caused by insufficient heat.
Seventeen. Resistor: Limits current flow.
Eighteen. Capacitor: Stores charge; unit is Farads.
Nineteen. Diode: One-way valve for current.
Twenty. Anode: Positive side of a diode.
Twenty-one. Cathode: Negative side of a diode.
Twenty-two. LED: Light Emitting Diode.
Twenty-three. Transformer: Changes AC voltage levels.
Twenty-four. Rectifier: Converts AC to DC.
Twenty-five. Inverter: Converts DC to AC.
Twenty-six. AWG: American Wire Gauge (Higher number equals Thinner wire).
Twenty-seven. Conduit: Pipe used to protect electrical wires.
Twenty-eight. Junction Box: Where wire connections are made.
Twenty-nine. Circuit Breaker: Resettable safety device.
Thirty. Fuse: One-time safety device (melts when overloaded).
Thirty-one. Ball Peen Hammer: For metalwork and rivets.
Thirty-two. Claw Hammer: For driving/pulling nails.
Thirty-three. Sledge Hammer: For heavy-duty breaking.
Thirty-four. Cross-cut Saw: Cuts across wood grain.
Thirty-five. Rip Saw: Cuts along wood grain.
Thirty-six. Back Saw: Used for fine cuts and miters.
Thirty-seven. Coping Saw: Used for cutting curves in thin wood.
Thirty-eight. Hacksaw: Used for cutting metal.
Thirty-nine. Compass Saw: For cutting holes in wood panels.
Forty. Plane: Tool for smoothing wood surfaces.
Forty-one. Jack Plane: General-purpose smoothing plane.
Forty-two. Block Plane: For end-grain smoothing.
Forty-three. Chisel: For carving or cutting away wood/metal.
Forty-four. Bevel: Slanted edge of a tool.
Forty-five. Try Square: For checking ninety-degree angles.
Forty-six. Miter Box: Guide for cutting forty-five or ninety-degree angles.
Forty-seven. Level: Checks horizontal flatness.
Forty-eight. Plumb Bob: Checks vertical straightness.
Forty-nine. Vernier Caliper: High-precision linear measurement.
Fifty. Micrometer: Measures very thin materials (thousands of an inch).
Fifty-one. Feeler Gauge: Measures gaps between parts.
Fifty-two. Torque Wrench: Measures bolt tightness.
Fifty-three. Allen Wrench: For hex-socket screws.
Fifty-four. Pipe Wrench: For gripping cylindrical pipes.
Fifty-five. Vise: Holds workpieces stationary on a bench.
Fifty-six. C-Clamp: Holds materials together temporarily.
Fifty-seven. Drill Bit: The cutting part of a drill.
Fifty-eight. Countersink Bit: For making screw heads flush.
Fifty-nine. Pilot Hole: Prevents wood splitting.
Sixty. Lathe: For cylindrical turning.
Sixty-one. Chuck: Holds the drill bit or workpiece in place.
Sixty-two. Sandpaper: Graded by "Grit" (Sixty equals Rough, Two hundred twenty equals Fine).
Sixty-three. Varnish: Synthetic clear finish.
Sixty-four. Shellac: Natural clear finish (from lac bugs).
Sixty-five. Lacquer: Fast-drying finish.
Sixty-six. Primer: Undercoat to help paint stick.
Sixty-seven. Enamel: Hard, glossy paint.
Sixty-eight. Thinners: Solvent used to dilute paint/clean brushes.
Sixty-nine. GI Sheet: Galvanized Iron (zinc-coated).
Seventy. Soldering Copper: The bit used to transfer heat.
Seventy-one. Butt Joint: Simplest wood joint.
Seventy-two. Lap Joint: One piece overlaps another.
Seventy-three. Mortise and Tenon: Very strong "hole and peg" joint.
Seventy-four. Dovetail Joint: Interlocking joint used in drawers.
Seventy-five. Miter Joint: Joint made at a forty-five degree angle.
Seventy-six. Plywood: Layers of wood veneer glued together.
Seventy-seven. MDF: Medium Density Fiberboard.
Seventy-eight. Hardboard: Compressed wood fibers (Masonite).
Seventy-nine. Softwood: From cone-bearing trees (Pine/Cedar).
Eighty. Hardwood: From broad-leaved trees (Narra/Mahogany).
Eighty-one. Seasoning: Removing moisture from wood (Air or Kiln).
Eighty-two. Checking: Cracks in wood due to uneven drying.
Eighty-three. Warping: Bending or twisting of wood.
Eighty-four. Knots: Imperfections where branches grew.
Eighty-five. Kerf: The slot made by a saw.
Eighty-six. Orthographic: Top, Front, Side views.
Eighty-seven. Isometric: Thirty-degree angle three D drawing.
Eighty-eight. Oblique: Forty-five degree angle three D drawing.
Eighty-nine. Perspective: Drawing with a vanishing point.
Ninety. T-Square: For drawing horizontal lines.
Ninety-one. Set Squares: Thirty/thirty sixty and forty-five degree triangles.
Ninety-two. Compass: For drawing circles.
Ninety-three. Divider: For transferring measurements.
Ninety-four. Protractor: Measures angles.
Ninety-five. Border Line: Thickest line in a drawing.
Ninety-six. Hidden Line: Dashed line for unseen parts.
Ninety-seven. Center Line: Long-short-long dashed line.
Ninety-eight. Dimension Line: Shows length/size.
Ninety-nine. Scale: Relationship between drawing size and actual size. One hundred. CAD: Computer-Aided Design.
HOME ECONOMICS (PART TWO: ONE HUNDRED ONE to TWO HUNDRED)
HOME ECONOMICS (PART TWO: ONE HUNDRED ONE to TWO HUNDRED)
One hundred one. Needs: Essentials (Food, Water, Shelter).
One hundred two. Wants: Desires (Jewelry, Designer bags).
One hundred three. Budget: Financial plan for a specific period.
One hundred four. Fixed Expense: Stays the same (Rent).
One hundred five. Variable Expense: Changes (Electricity/Food).
One hundred six. Resources: Human (Skills) vs. Material (Money/Tools).
One hundred seven. Management: Planning, Organizing, Controlling, Evaluating.
One hundred eight. Decision Making: Choosing between alternatives.
One hundred nine. Consumer: Person who uses goods/services.
One hundred ten. Consumer Rights: Right to safety, choice, information.
One hundred eleven. Nutrients: Carbs, Protein, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals.
One hundred twelve. Carbohydrates: Main source of energy (Rice/Bread).
One hundred thirteen. Protein: For body building/repair (Meat/Eggs).
One hundred fourteen. Fats: Concentrated energy; insulation.
One hundred fifteen. Vitamins: Organic compounds for health.
One hundred sixteen. Vitamin A: For eyesight (Carrots).
One hundred seventeen. Vitamin C: For immunity (Citrus).
One hundred eighteen. Vitamin D: For bones (Sunlight).
One hundred nineteen. Minerals: Inorganic (Calcium/Iron).
One hundred twenty. Iron: Prevents Anemia.
One hundred twenty-one. Iodine: Prevents Goiter.
One hundred twenty-two. Calcium: Prevents Osteoporosis.
One hundred twenty-three. Malnutrition: Imbalance in nutrient intake.
One hundred twenty-four. Obesity: Excessive body fat.
One hundred twenty-five. Anorexia: Self-starvation.
One hundred twenty-six. Bulimia: Binge-eating followed by purging.
One hundred twenty-seven. Danger Zone: forty degrees Fahrenheit to one hundred forty degrees Fahrenheit.
One hundred twenty-eight. Mise en Place: Preparation of ingredients.
One hundred twenty-nine. Cross-Contamination: Pathogens moving from one food to another.
One hundred thirty. Salmonella: Bacteria common in raw chicken and eggs.
One hundred thirty-one. E. coli: Bacteria common in undercooked beef.
One hundred thirty-two. Al Dente: "To the tooth" (firm pasta).
One hundred thirty-three. Boiling: two hundred twelve degrees Fahrenheit.
One hundred thirty-four. Simmering: Just below boiling.
One hundred thirty-five. Steaming: Cooking with vapor.
One hundred thirty-six. Sautéing: Cooking quickly in little fat.
One hundred thirty-seven. Baking: Dry heat in an oven.
One hundred thirty-eight. Roasting: Cooking meat or vegetables in an oven.
One hundred thirty-nine. Braising: Searing then slow-simmering.
One hundred forty. Blanching: Brief boil, then ice bath.
One hundred forty-one. Poaching: Gentle cooking in liquid.
One hundred forty-two. Julienne: Matchstick cut.
One hundred forty-three. Dice: Small square cuts.
One hundred forty-four. Chop: Irregular small pieces.
One hundred forty-five. Minced: Very fine pieces (Garlic).
One hundred forty-six. Yeast: Leavening agent for bread.
One hundred forty-seven. Baking Powder: Chemical leavener (needs moisture).
One hundred forty-eight. Baking Soda: Chemical leavener (needs acid).
One hundred forty-nine. Kneading: Working dough to develop gluten.
One hundred fifty. Gluten: Protein that gives bread structure.
One hundred fifty-one. Roux: Flour and fat thickener.
One hundred fifty-two. Stock: Liquid from simmering bones and vegetables.
One hundred fifty-three. Mother Sauces: Bechamel, Veloute, Espagnole, Tomato, Hollandaise.
One hundred fifty-four. Table Setting: Fork (Left), Knife or Spoon (Right).
One hundred fifty-five. Russian Service: Server plates the food.
One hundred fifty-six. French Service: Prepared tableside.
One hundred fifty-seven. Family Service: Food in large bowls on the table.
One hundred fifty-eight. Blue Plate Service: Plated in the kitchen.
One hundred fifty-nine. Buffet: Self-service.
One hundred sixty. A la Carte: Ordered item by item.
One hundred sixty-one. Table Skirting: Decorating the table edges.
One hundred sixty-two. Napkin Folding: For aesthetics or hygiene.
One hundred sixty-three. Sewing Machine: Lockstitch machine is most common.
One hundred sixty-four. Bobbin: Holds the lower thread.
One hundred sixty-five. Presser Foot: Holds fabric against feed dogs.
One hundred sixty-six. Feed Dogs: Moves fabric forward.
One hundred sixty-seven. Tension Regulator: Controls thread tightness.
One hundred sixty-eight. Balance Wheel: Manually moves the needle.
One hundred sixty-nine. Thimble: Protects finger from needle.
One hundred seventy. Pinking Shears: Zig-zag cut to prevent fraying.
One hundred seventy-one. Tape Measure: For body measurements.
One hundred seventy-two. Emery Bag: Sharpens needles or pins.
One hundred seventy-three. Seam Ripper: Removes unwanted stitches.
One hundred seventy-four. Basting: Temporary stitches.
One hundred seventy-five. Seam: Where two pieces of fabric are joined.
One hundred seventy-six. Hem: The finished edge of a garment.
One hundred seventy-seven. Dart: V-shaped fold for fitting.
One hundred seventy-eight. Facing: Fabric used to finish raw edges (neckline).
One hundred seventy-nine. Natural Fibers: Cotton, Silk, Wool, Linen.
One hundred eighty. Synthetic Fibers: Nylon, Polyester, Acrylic.
One hundred eighty-one. Cotton: From seeds (breathable).
One hundred eighty-two. Silk: From cocoons (luxury).
One hundred eighty-three. Wool: From sheep (warmth).
One hundred eighty-four. Linen: From flax.
One hundred eighty-five. Parenting Styles: Authoritative (Best), Authoritarian, Permissive, Uninvolved.
One hundred eighty-six. Erikson's Stage Five: Identity versus Role Confusion (Adolescence).
One hundred eighty-seven. Piaget's Stage Four: Formal Operational (Abstract thought).
One hundred eighty-eight. Nuclear Family: Parents and children.
One hundred eighty-nine. Extended Family: Includes relatives (grandparents or uncles).
One hundred ninety. Blended Family: Step-parents or step-children.
One hundred ninety-one. First Aid: Initial care for injury.
One hundred ninety-two. RICE: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation.
One hundred ninety-three. CPR: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.
One hundred ninety-four. Home Nursing: Caring for sick at home.
One hundred ninety-five. Hygiene: Personal cleanliness.
One hundred ninety-six. Sanitation: Environmental cleanliness.
One hundred ninety-seven. Ergonomics: Designing workspace for safety or efficiency.
One hundred ninety-eight. Textiles: Any cloth or goods produced by weaving.
One hundred ninety-nine. Pattern: Template for cutting fabric.
Two hundred. Filing: Systematic arrangement of records.