Digestive System. Excretory System. Mendelian Genetics. Vitamins and Minerals.
Digestive System. Excretory System. Mendelian Genetics. Vitamins and Minerals.
How to use this reviewer: Read each statement aloud, then cover the answer and try to recall it. Focus on the bold terms and the flow diagrams.
One. Digestive System
One. Digestive System
Digestive system: It ingests food, breaks food into smaller absorbable molecules, absorbs nutrients, and eliminates nondigestible wastes.
Parotid gland: It is located just anterior and inferior to the ears.
Saliva: It moistens food, helps remove microbes, and begins carbohydrate digestion.
Amylase: It aids in the digestion of carbohydrates.
Canines: They help tear food.
Bolus: It is the mixture of chewed food and saliva.
Peristalsis: It is the rhythmic contraction of the alimentary canal that moves food forward.
Small intestine order: duodenum to jejunum to ileum.
Bile: It is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder.
Large intestine order: cecum to colon to rectum to anal canal.
Sodium bicarbonate: It helps neutralize acidic chyme in the small intestine and is produced by the pancreas.
Accessory digestive organs: gallbladder, liver, pancreas, and salivary glands.
Pancreatic enzymes: amylase acts on carbohydrates, lipase acts on fats, and trypsin acts on proteins.
Liver: It detoxifies blood, secretes bile, and stores glucose as glycogen. It is not described in the exam source as a digestive-enzyme-producing organ.
Jaundice: It is associated with yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes.
Water: It is needed by digestive enzymes for chemical breakdown of food.
Final products: carbohydrate digestion produces glucose; protein digestion produces amino acids.