ROMAN Second Century B.C. to Fourth Century A.D. GREEK Eighth Century B.C. to Second Century A.D.
Four thousand B.C. to Fourth Century A.D.
Twenty-five to fifty years before Julius Caesar
THREE CLASSIFICATIONS OF EARLY KNOWN TYPES OF ARCHITECTURE
FROM THE DWELLINGS STRUCTURES
A. GEOGRAPHICAL INFLUENCE
ONE. ANCIENT KINGDOM First to Tenth Dynasty
TWO. MIDDLE KINGDOM Eleventh to Seventeenth Dynasty
FOUR. THE PTOLEMAIC PERIOD
F. SOCIAL AND POLITICAL INFLUENCE
G. ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER
FEATURES OF EGYPTIAN ARCHITECTURE:
One. TOMBS ( Three TYPES)
Three IMPORTANT PARTS OF MASTABA
One.) STEP PYRAMID - evolved from Mastaba
PARTS OF PYRAMID COMPLEX: One. elevated causeway Two. Offering chapel Three. Mortuary Four. Valley building.
Egyptian architecture was designed principally for internal effect PARTS OF AN EGYPTIAN TEMPLE
PARTS OF AN EGYPTIAN TEMPLE
The Great Temple of Abu-Simbel
The Great Temple of Ammon, Karnak, Thebes
Temple of Hathor, Dendera
Four thousand B.C - Fourth century
B. GEOGRAPHICAL INFLUENCE
E. SOCIAL AND POLITICAL INFLUENCE
G. ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER
IMPORTANT PARTS OF PALACE
ROOFS: Generally, roofs are flat externally and also in some cases, tunnel vaults and domes are used.
ZIGGURAT AT UR (IRAQ) two thousand one hundred B.C. ZIGGURATS
A. GEOGRAPHICAL INFLUENCE
GREEK DEITIES: ROMAN DEITIES
E. SOCIAL AND POLITICAL INFLUENCE
Two. GREEK ARCHITECTURE or HELLENIC PERIOD
EXAMPLES OF ARCHITECHTURAL STRUCTURES
Two Types of Aegean Tomb:
B. GREEK ARCHITECTURE OR HELLENIC PERIOD
IMPORTANT STRUCTURES FOUND IN ACROPOLIS
Greek: Agora. Italian: Piazza. English: Market.
Second CAPITAL Introduced by GREEK ARCHITECTURE
Third CAPITAL Introduced by the GREEK ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES (TEMples)
Four. Propylaea - entrance gateways with marked the approach to the sacred enclosure in many cities in Greece.
GREEK MOULDINGS and ORNAMENTS
SECOND CENTURY to FOURTH CENTURY A. D.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF VAULTS DEVELOPMENT BY THE ROMANS:
ROMAN ARCHITECTURE EXAMPLE:
L. TOWN GATEWAYS and ARCHWAYS
M. PILLARS OF VICTORY or MONUMENTAL COLUMNS -
N. PALACES - use to house the Emperors.
Typical Parts of a Domus:
Q. BRIDGES or "PONS"- simple, solid and practical construction designed to resist the rush of water.
R. FOUNTAINS - striking features of ancient and modern Rome
A. GEOGRAPHICAL INFLUENCE
E. SOCIAL AND POLITICAL INFLUENCE
IMPORTANT FEATURES OF THE EARLY CHRISTIAN ARCHITECTURE
EXAMPLE OF EARLY CHRISTIAN STRUCTURES
EARLY CHRISTIAN BASILICAN PLAN
Byzantine Architecture fourth Century - sixth Century
B. GEOGRAPHICAL INFLUENCE
E. SOCIAL AND POLITICAL INFLUENCE
Prominent Figures considered movers of this Architecture:
(Three) Three types of Dome developed in this Architecture:
The most popular forms of ornaments used are the following;
Most popular mosaic patterns for pavements
Saracenic Architecture Forty-four
Romanesque Architecture Forty-seven
A. GEOGRAPHICAL INFLUENCE
E. SOCIAL and POLITICAL INFLUENCE
GERMAN ROMANESQUE Tenth Century to Twelfth century
One. AIX-LA-CHAPELLE CATHEDRAL
Two. THE CHURCH OF THE APOSTLES, COLOGNE
ROMANESQUE TERMS and ILLUSTRATIONS:
Three. VAULTS - ceiling designs
Four. HELM ROOF - a roof in which four faces rest diagonally between the gables and converge at the roof.
ENGLISH MEDIEVAL ARCHITECTURE
HOTELS DE VILLE - Town halls or Municipal Halls
PALAIS DE JUSTICE - function same as the Roman Basilica
C. EXAMPLES OF GERMAN CATHEDRALS
D. EXAMPLE OF CATHEDRAL IN ITALY
BELGIAN / NETHERLAND GOTHIC CATHEDRAL EXAMPLES
Three. DONJON / KEEP - a stronghold of a medieval castle; usually in the form of a massive tower.
Seven. RETABLO / REREDOS - a wall or screen usually behind an altar, an ornamental screen or wall at the back of the altar.
Nine. FINIAL - a formal ornament at the top of a canopy, gable and pinnacle.
Eleven. MERLON - in an embattled parapet, one of the solid alternates between the embrasures.
Thirteen. BATTLEMENT - a parapet with alternating indentations (embrasures and raised portions (merlons) also called "crenel".
Fifteen. MOTTE - a steep mound, feature of eleventh and twelfth century castles.
Seventeen. ORIEL - in medieval English Architecture, a bay window, corbelled out from the wall of an upper story.
Twenty-one. STEEPLE - a tower crowned by a spire.
Twenty-three. FLAMBOUYANT STYLE - the last phase of French Gothic Architecture, characterized by flame-like and free flowing tracery.
Twenty-seven. OFFSET - the part of a wall exposed horizontally, often sloping.
RENAISSANCE known as "Rebirth" or "Revival" of the Roman Classical Arts. SALIENT CHARACTERISTIC OF THE STYLE
ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER DIGNITY AND FORMALITY shown through "symmetry".
FAMOUS ARCHITECTS AND BUILDERS OF ST. PETER BASILICA
Two. PALACES - also termed "PALAIS".
BELGIUM AND DUTCH RENAISSANCE
SPANISH RENAISSANCE Sixteenth to Eighteenth Century
EXAMPLE OF AUSTRALIAN STRUCTURES
One. Eighteen thirty to nineteen hundred period
CONTINENTAL EUROPE EXAMPLES
Seventeen. Mackintosh, Charles Rennie (1868 - 1929), Scotland
Eighteen. Maillart, Robert (1872 - 1940)
Nineteen. Mendelsohn, Erich (1887 - 1953), Germany
Twenty. Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig (1886 - 1969)
Twenty-one. Nervi, Pier Luigi (1891 - 1979), Italy
Twenty-two. Niemeyer, Oscar (1939-1979), Rio de Janeiro
Twenty-three. Pei, Leoh Ming - I.M.Pei (Chinese architect) Notable for Urban Renewal
Twenty-four. Perret, Auguste (1874 - 1954), France
Twenty-five. Richardson, Henry H. (1838 - 1886), U.S.
Twenty-six. Rudolph, Paul, U.S.
Twenty-seven. Saarinen, Eero (1910 - 1961), Finland
Twenty-eight. Saarinen, Eliel ( eighteen seventy-three - nineteen fifty ), Finland
Twenty-nine. Skidmore, Owings, Merill ( nineteen fifty ), U.S.
Thirty. Sullivan, Louis ( eighteen fifty-six - nineteen twenty-four ), U.S.
Thirty-one. Tange, Kenzo ( nineteen thirteen ), Japan
Thirty-two. Vitruvius ( Marcus Vitruvius Polio ) ( forty-six - thirty B.C. ), Rome
Thirty-three. Wagner, Otto ( eighteen forty-one - nineteen eighteen ), Vienna
World Tallest Buildings seventy-nine
Official World's two hundred Tallest High-rise Buildings
CHINESE ARCHITECTURE third CENTURY B.C. TO PRESENT
FAMOUS BUILDING STRUCTURES:
JAPANESE ARCHITECTURE sixth CENTURY A.D. TO PRESENT
STYLES OF DIFFERENT PERIODS:
NAGARA AEDICULAR COMPONENTS
TEMPLE OF ANGKOR WAT " Great Temple Complex" in CAMBODIA FEATURES:
Indonesian Architecture Ninety-Two
TYPES OF FILIPINO HOUSES:
TYPICAL PARTS OF A BAHAY KUBO:
IMPORTANT EXAMPLES OF CHURCHES:
Eleven. SHRINE OF THE NUESTRA SEÑORA DE MANAOAG Pangasinan
Twelve. BARASOAIN CHURCH Malolos, Bulacan
Thirteen. DARAGA CATHOLIC CHURCH Albay
Two Filipino Architects brought to Europe to study Mester Builder Course;
FILIPINO ARCHITECTS sixty's to eighty's
Twelve. LUNA de SAN PEDRO, ANDRES. FAMOUS WORKS:
Twenty-one. ROXAS, FELIX ARROYO. FAMOUS WORKS:
Twenty-two. RUANO, ROQUE. FAMOUS WORKS
Eighteen. One Legazpi Park.
C. Gilbert Yu: "A Pragmatic Approach to Architecture."