THE RADIO PROPAGANDA AS AN INNOVATIVE ELEMENT OF THE MILITARY TACTICS AND STRATEGIES OF THE NAZI GERMANY nineteen thirty-three to nineteen forty-one

THE RADIO PROPAGANDA AS AN INNOVATIVE ELEMENT OF THE MILITARY TACTICS AND STRATEGIES OF THE NAZI GERMANY nineteen thirty-three to nineteen forty-one

The role of radio as one of the parts of the Nazi information space, formed in Europe before and at the beginning of the Second World War, is revealed. Radio propaganda is presented as an integral element of Nazi Germany's military tactics and strategy, which became important in the psychological treatment of the population before the hostilities. Spreading radio broadcasting to foreign countries by Nazi authorities, ambitions to gain popularity that would allow it to compete with the media of England, France, the United States of America and the USSR, and radio broadcasts from foreign countries, were considered. Almost all Nazi propaganda programs were targeted primarily at the occupied territories. Significant role was played by the programs that promoted Germany's great mission. Having secured a European radio space, Hitler's propaganda headquarters began a true radio war in the East Europe. The purpose of the article is to expose radio propaganda as one of the parts of the information space that Hitler's authority sought to form in the occupied territories of Eastern Europe. The article analyzes the state of scientific development of the problem in domestic and foreign historiography. The basic approaches to the research of the problem and the methods of research of the content of radio transmissions, their influence on the population of Germany in the nineteen thirties of the twentieth century are determined. The scientific novelty of the presented research is the demonstration of radio propaganda as an integral element of Nazi Germany's military tactics and strategy. The outlined research period is nineteen thirty-three to nineteen forty-one, which explained by the fact that the Nazi authority, spreading radio broadcasting to foreign countries, sought to gain popularity that would allow it to compete with the media of England, France, the United States of America, Austria and the USSR. Almost all Nazi propaganda programs focused primarily on the consolidation of ethnic Germans abroad. Research confirmed that already during the German-Soviet War, technological advances in radio broadcasting were used not only by the Nazi authority, but also by the authorities of England, the United States and the USSR. German radio propaganda was carried out using specially developed techniques and methods. Among them are: official announcements in which good news were reported in detail, unprofitable - superficial; the repetition of the enemy's official announcements between information news which had a certain propaganda purpose - to undermine the belief in the success of the enemy's action; sensational broadcasts that focused on one important propaganda topic or event; the broadcasting of completely falsified material, that is, fictitious, that the listeners could not immediately understand truth; official radio programs forged with reference to fictitious sources were broadcast, as well as broadcasts based on a source of information secretly controlled by Germany.

Introduction

During the Second World War broadcasting seemed to be one of the most important instruments for the propaganda of Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union. Broadcasting as such powerful mechanisms of propaganda influence as cinema, periodicals, theater was considered to inform every citizen of necessary information. The study of the role of broadcasting in that historical period is extremely relevant because modern information technologies were formed precisely in that period. Today some methods of broadcasting information policy are known to be used quite actively.

Having experience of the First World War and improving its own methods of information policy and advocacy, the Nazi leadership created a powerful information and propaganda system which involved the press, radio, cinema campaigning and other means of disseminating and distorting information. Through these means, the occupying power influenced the behavior and consciousness of the population of Ukraine.

Forming the information space, the Hitler leadership used methods and means of influence developed by Nazi ideologists. Among them: control over the circulation of information flows, the method of psychological impact - traditional direct way of psychological impact on the mind based on the conviction of people, appeal to their mind using rational arguments, logic; the method of providing the population with selective information is at the discretion of the occupation administration; the method of big lies - had become one of the most important in the policy of the Nazi leadership in the occupied territory; partial truth method - creation of a false information structure based on