Tribunal Comprehensive Examination Reviewer: Academic Year 2021-2022 - Metaphysics

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D H E A R T S E M

SEMINARY.

TRIBUNAL COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION REVIEWER Academic Year twenty twenty-one to twenty twenty-two

METAPHYSICS

Diocese of Bacolod SACRED H E A R T SEMINARY - BACOLOD

I. INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITION

First Question - Origin of Everything

B. Etymological

C. Real Meaning

D. Method of Metaphysics

II. The Discovery and Meaning of Term

F. Action is the self revelation

H. Intellect and Being as Correlative

I. "Being" as Transcendental Notion or Idea

J. Primary Division of Being: Real and Mental

K. How we come to know the existence and nature of real beings

III. Special Characteristic of our Idea of Being as Transcendental and Analogous

M. Analogous

Types of analogy

Four. Unity as the Primary Property of Every Being

B. Two basic kinds of unity:

Five. Being as One and Many: Essence and Existence

Basic type of solution

General Principle

The function of action:

Six. The one and many on the same level of being: essential form and primary matter

Aristotelian- Thomistic Solution

Seven. Self-Identity in Change A. Different Attitudes towards Change and Being

B. The "I" synthesis of permanence and process

Eight. General Theory Change: ACT and POTENCY

B. Act-Potency

Nine. Essential Change

Key Difficulty vs. Form-Matter Theory

Amended Argument for Primary Matter

(Two) What corresponds to the potency, the principle of continuity?

Ten. Metaphysical Structure of Finite Being: Synthesis

How the Compositions fit Together

Two. Essential form-Primary matter

Three. Act-Potency:

Four. Substance-Accident:

Two roles of Substance:

Five. Form-Matter

Eleven. The Extrinsic Causes of Being and Becoming: Efficient Cause

Pre-Notes

Two. Aim

Three. Structure of the search for causes

Principle of Causality:

Principal Grounds Why a Being Needs an Efficient Cause

Two. Every being that undergoes real intrinsic change requires an efficient cause.

Three. Every being whose essential being is composed requires an efficient cause.

Four. Every finite being requires an efficient cause.

CONCLUSION

COROLLARY

One. Uncaused and eternal in its existence,

The Nature of Efficient Causality and its Implications

KEY COROLLARIES

Twelve. Final Causality

A. Every Agent acts for an End.

B. Finality requires intelligence as adequate ultimate cause.

Second Argument

Nature of Final Causality

Kinds of Final Causes

ETHICS

One. DEFINITION

Material and Formal object of Ethics.

Truth presupposed in Ethics

The Ultimate End of Man-

Kinds of End

Kinds of Good

ETHICS as:

Two. OBJECT

Three. IMPORTANCE

CHAPTER ONE

ARTICLE ONE. THE HUMAN ACT IN ITSELF

B. CLASSIFICATION OF HUMAN ACTS

C. CONSTITUENTS OF HUMAN ACTS

Article Two. The Voluntariness of Human Acts

B). Indirect Voluntariness

Article Three. The Modifiers of Human Acts

B). CONCUPISCENCE

C). FEAR

D). VIOLENCE

E). HABIT

CHAPTER TWO

ARTICLE ONE. ENDS IN GENERAL

B). CLASSIFICATION OF ENDS

ARTICLE TWO. THE ULTIMATE END OF HUMAN ACTS

A). THE OBJECTIVE ULTIMATE END OF HUMAN ACTS

B). THE SUBJECTIVE ULTIMATE END OF HUMAN ACTS

CHAPTER THREE

ARTICLE ONE. LAW

B). CLASSIFICATION OF LAWS

C). IMPORTANT CLASSES OF LAWS

ARTICLE Two. CONSCIENCE

B). STATE OF CONSCIENCE

C). FORMING ONE'S CONSCIENCE

SPECIAL ETHICS

CHAPTER ONE RIGHTS AND DUTIES

A). DEFINITION OF RIGHT

B). DIVISION OF RIGHT

C). PROPERTIES OF RIGHT

D). THE SUBJECT OF RIGHT

Basic Human Rights

ARTICLE TWO. DUTIES

B). DIVISION OF DUTY

C). EXEMPTION FROM DUTY

CHAPTER TWO MAN'S DUTY TOWARDS GOD ARTICLE ONE. RELIGION

B). THE OBLIGATION OF RELIGION

C). THE RELATION OF RELIGION TO MORALITY

ARTICLE TWO. WORSHIP

B). THE OBLIGATION OF WORSHIP

C). THE ACT OF WORSHIP

CHAPTER THREE MAN'S PERSONAL OFFICE ARTICLE ONE. DUTIES OF MAN TOWARDS HIS SOUL

A). DUTIES OF INTELLECT

B). DUTIES OF THE WILL

ARTICLE TWO. DUTIES OF MAN TOWARDS HIS BODY

B). OTHER GOODS

CHAPTER FOUR MAN'S DUTY TOWARDS HIS NEIGHBOR

A). DEFINITION OF CHARITY

B). DUTY OF LOVE

C). DUTIES CONSEQUENT UPON LOVE

ARTICLE TWO. DUTIES OF JUSTICE

The two fold effect

B). DUTIES REGARDING OUR NEIGHBOR'S SOUL Faculties of soul

Three types of lies

Two types

External goods

C). DUTIES REGARDING OUR NEIGHBOOR'S PROPERTY

Divided into two:

Distinguished goods as:

Two forms:

Two chief forms

Acquiring private property by:

Modes of acquiring ownership:

The conditions requisite for the validity of prescription

A contract to be valid must be:

SOCIAL ETHICS

A). DEFINITION OF SOCIETY

B). DIVISION OF SOCIETY

C). SOCIAL AUTHORITY

ARTICLE TWO. MARRIAGE

EPISTEMOLOGY

INTRODUCTION

Etymological meaning:

Real meaning

What is Epistemology?

Other Names of Epistemology:

Correlation:

B. Relation to other non-philosophical sciences

C. Theology

D. Relevance (theological value)

Preliminaries:

b. Epistemology has its foundation in General Metaphysics or Ontology

c. Presuppositions of Epistemology

d. The method of epistemology

PART ONE: Systematic Epistemology Introduction

CHAPTER ONE

B. Three basic elements of knowledge

The principle of Hylemorphism:

Conclusion:

C. The Intentional Species: (form)

D. "Ens": is that which first grasped of the intellect:

E. Definition of Knowledge:

F. Structure of knowledge:

CHAPTER TWO:

C. Clarification of some terms:

The External Senses:

The role of sensation on external senses:

The Five Senses:

The Somesthetic Senses (skin senses)

The object of the senses: (The object of the external sense is called the external sensible)

Three main ways of getting Ideas from external objects

Special sources of knowledge (specific source):

Hindrances of/to knowledge:

The internal Sense:

Internal sense:

Objective and subjective phase:

Two. Imagination

Types of Imagination

Percept vs. Image:

Differences between imagination and memory:

Four. Estimative (in animals and cogitative in man)

Heraclitus:

Parmenides:

The Sophists:

Gorgias:

Three fundamental:

Critique of Sophistic Relativist:

Plato

The theory of ideas and forms:

Knowledge as remembrance:

Degrees of knowledge:

Aristotle

CHAPTER THREE

Nature of the intellect

Four Arguments proving the immateriality of the intellect:

The Concept

Ideogenesis (Birth of the Idea)

Knowledge of things by means of the Intelligible Species:

David Hume "An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding"

SECTION FOUR: "SCEPTICAL DOUBTS CONCERNING THE OPERATIONS OF UNDERSTANDING"

SECTION FIVE: SCEPTICAL SOLUTION OF THESE DOUBTS

CHAPTER FOUR

Division of Consciousness

Two. Intellectual consciousness. Refers to awareness of one's spiritual acts. It is the reflection of what you have done because man has the will

Three Essential Elements

Types of Truth

Properties of Truth

CHAPTER FOUR

Types of criteria

Forms of criteria

Classification and Types of Evidence

Supreme and Ultimate Evidence of Truth

CHAPTER FIVE

One. Ignorance- absence of knowledge in a subject capable of possessing it.

MORAL PHILOSOPHY

Causes:

Two. Doubt - uncertainty

Classification

Causes of Doubt:

Three. Opinion - is a state of the mind when one postulates a judgment without certainty.

Division of certitude

Error- it is judging false as true, true judges to the false or vice versa- non-conformity.

The Meeting Point of Two Different Sciences: Philosophy and Psychology.

Two Ways to Study Man:

Importance of Studying Philosophical Psychology.

Importance of Studying Psychology.

Importance of Studying Philosophy.

The Concept of Man and his Nature.

The Meaning of Human Nature.

Greek Philosophers

MEDIEVAL PERIOD

MODERN PERIOD

The ultradualistic substance theory of Man.

The experience of consciousness

Solution for the question man can never live alone:

Two. "I" Thou (Society)

Three. "I" Embodiment

Four. "I" Temporality (time)

Five. "I" History

Six. "I" Consciousness Man is equal to consciousness and open for infinite

Semantic meaning of words

Some themes about man:

Two life theory:

Three misconceptions of love:

Three fold characteristics of love:

PHILOSOPHY OF

PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION

Education Process In and Outside of the Classroom

The Chief Agencies that contribute to the education of the individual

SCOPE OF PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION

These problems mainly include:

B] Interpretation of Human Nature :-

Overview

The reviewer presents extensive insights into the field of metaphysics, discussing fundamental ideas, definitions, and the significance of being, action, and knowledge in understanding existence. It aims to prepare students for their examinations by providing a broad overview of metaphysical concepts.

Key Points

1Examines the historical origins of metaphysics and key philosophers' contributions
2Discusses the relationship between being and action as fundamental to existence
3Analyzes the concept of unity in being and its various forms
4Explores the distinction between real and mental beings and their implications
5Highlights the role of intellect in the pursuit of understanding being

Details

Category: Humanities

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