Cranial Nerves Overview

Cranial Nerves

Cranial nerve responsible for motor function of intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles (except palatoglossus) - Hypoglossal nerve (C N twelve)

Muscle forming the bulk of the cheek - Buccinator

Branch of mandibular nerve (V three) that supplies the mandibular teeth - Inferior alveolar nerve stick out

Muscle primarily responsible for protruding the mandible - Lateral pterygoid

Cranial nerve responsible for smell - Olfactory nerve (C N one)

Tissue that produces dentin - Odontoblasts

Parasympathetic glands supplied by C N seven (give one) - Submandibular gland

Nerve that carries general sensation from anterior two-thirds of tongue but not taste - Lingual nerve (V three)

Salivary gland that secretes mostly mucous - Sublingual gland

Hardest substance in the human body - Enamel

Nerve affected if patient cannot close eyes tightly - Facial nerve (C N seven)

Cranial nerve that moves the eye downward and inward (superior oblique) - Trochlear nerve (C N four)

Cranial nerve responsible for hearing and balance - Vestibulocochlear nerve (C N eight)

Cranial nerve that supplies taste in anterior two-thirds of tongue - Facial nerve (C N seven, via chorda tympani)

Nerve that supplies muscles of mastication - Mandibular nerve (V three)

Opening of nasolacrimal duct - Inferior meatus of nasal cavity

Nerve responsible for parasympathetic control of abdominal organs - Vagus nerve (C N ten)

Muscle that closes the eyelids - Orbicularis oculi (C N seven)

Stalk-like structure connecting cerebrum to spinal cord and cerebellum - Brainstem

Epithelial lining of the maxillary sinus - Respiratory epithelium

Nerve supplying the stylopharyngeus muscle - Glossopharyngeal nerve (C N nine)

Largest salivary gland - Parotid gland

Cranial nerve that originates from the pons - Trigeminal nerve (C N five)

Muscle that elevates the mandible - Masseter, Temporalis, Medial pterygoid

Structure separating the nasal cavity from the oral cavity - Hard palate, Soft palate

Cranial nerve responsible for raising the eyelid - Oculomotor nerve (C N three)

Eye closure affected if patient cannot close eyes tightly - Facial nerve (C N seven)

Nerve involved if mandibular teeth lose sensation - Inferior alveolar nerve (V three)

Type of epithelium lining the oral cavity - Stratified squamous epithelium (keratinized in some areas)

Nerve that carries general sensation and taste from posterior one-third of tongue - Glossopharyngeal nerve (C N nine) (bonus for extra prep)

Olfactory nerve (C N one)

Part or area: Olfactory epithelium of nasal cavity to olfactory bulb to smell sensation

Optic nerve (C N two)

Part or area: Retina of eye to optic chiasm to vision

Oculomotor nerve (C N three)

Part or area:

Extraocular muscles: superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique

Levator palpebrae superioris (opens eyelid)

Parasympathetic to pupil (sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscle)

Trochlear nerve (C N four)

Part or area: Superior oblique muscle (moves eye down and inward)

Trigeminal nerve (C N five) - three divisions

Ophthalmic (V one): forehead, scalp, cornea sensation

Maxillary (V two): midface, upper teeth, maxillary sinus

Mandibular (V three): lower teeth and muscles of mastication

Abducens nerve (C N six)

Part or area: Lateral rectus muscle (moves eye laterally)

Facial nerve (C N seven)

Part or area:

Muscles of facial expression

Taste anterior two-thirds of tongue

Lacrimal gland and salivary glands (submandibular, sublingual)

Vestibulocochlear nerve (C N eight)

Part or area:

Cochlea to hearing

Vestibular apparatus to balance

Glossopharyngeal nerve (C N nine)

Part or area:

Taste posterior one-third tongue

Parotid gland secretion

Pharynx sensation and swallowing (stylopharyngeus)

Vagus nerve (C N ten)

Part or area:

Soft palate, pharynx, larynx (speech and swallowing)

Parasympathetic to thoracic and abdominal organs Accessory nerve (C N eleven)

Part or area: Sternocleidomastoideopezius muscles (head turn and shoulder shrug) Hypoglossal nerve (C N twelve)

Part or area: Intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles (tongue movement)