Disaster Nursing in the Philippines: Addressing Health Risks in a Disaster-Prone Nation

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DISASTER NURSING | NCM one hundred twenty

Overview

The Philippines is one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world due to its archipelagic location along the Pacific Ring of Fire and the Western Pacific typhoon belt. This geographic and climatic setting exposes a large portion of the country to frequent typhoons, floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, and storm surges. As a result, around sixty percent of the land area and seventy-four percent of the population are at risk, leading to repeated disruption of communities, strain on health systems, and serious threats to the health and safety of Filipinos.

DISASTER

are serious disruptions to the functioning of a community that exceed its capacity to cope using its own resources.

Can be caused by:

various factors that influence the exposure and vulnerability of a community

DISASTER NURSING

MUST KNOW!

Vulnerability

and Disaster Risk Reduction and Management

and Triage

Psychological First Aid

Mental Health and Psychosocial Support

and Health Cluster Approach

NATURAL VS. TECHNOLOGICAL

b. Man-made/Technological

TECHNOLOGICAL DISASTERS

Examples:

EXTERNAL DISASTERS

Refers to natural hazards that arise from the solid earth.

ACTIVE FAULTS AND TRENCHES

METEOROLOGICAL / HYDROLOGICAL

BIOLOGICAL

Examples: Cholera, Plague, Measles

Examples: COVID nineteen Virus, Influenza H one N one (Swine Flu), Spanish Flu

Prevention of Biological Disasters

Post-Disaster Epidemic Prevention

Role of the State and Government

Environmental Degradation

Technological Disaster

Transitional Human Shelters

USAID (United States Agency for International Development): Transitional Shelter

The Philippines is an island country in Southeast Asia, located in the western Pacific Ocean.

PRE-DISASTER

NCM one hundred twenty: Disaster Nursing Week three: Disaster Management Continuum: Pre-Impact Phase

Prevention

Mitigation

SUMMARY: Difference between Prevention and Mitigation

Disaster Risk Reduction Frameworks:

Is the UN body responsible for coordinating global disaster risk reduction efforts.

Key Functions:

Hyogo Framework for Action.

Five Priority Areas:

Philippine DRRM.

Four Thematic Pillars:

Hazard, Risk, and Vulnerability Analysis.

Two. Definition of HRVA.

Three. Definition of Terms.

Four. Purpose of HRVA.

Five. Importance of HRVA.

Six. Uses of HRVA.

Seven. Conclusion.

Site-Specific Hazard, Risk, and Vulnerability Analysis.

Two. Hospital-Based HRVA.

Four. Comparative Analysis: Hospital versus Community HRVA.

Six. Conclusion.

PREPAREDNESS.

Nursing Roles

Hospital Readiness

Earthquake

Nursing Roles

Hospital Readiness

Volcanic Eruption

Nursing Roles

Hospital Readiness

Typhoons, floods, and tsunamis

Nursing Roles

Disease surveillance:

First aid and clinical care:

Psychosocial support:

Hospital Readiness

Family Communication Plan during disasters

Before a Disaster

During a Disaster

After a Disaster

Personal and Home Disaster Preparedness

Food and Water

Health and Hygiene

First Aid Kit

Medicines

Protection

Tools and Communication

Power

Signaling

Emergency Cash

Basic Preparedness skills

Consideration for vulnerable groups, children, elderly, and people with disabilities.

Elderly and People with Disabilities

PACE Planning

P - Primary

A - Alternate

C - Contingency

E - Emergency

Why PACE planning matters:

Decision Making On:

When to Choose Shelter-in-Place

Key Reminders:

EVACUATION (BUGGING OUT)

Four Essential Components of Bugging Out

The Bug Out Bag (BOB)

The Bug Out Vehicle (BOV)

The Bug Out Location (BOL)

When to Choose Evacuation

Key Decision Factors

GROUP TWO - BSN FOUR A:

DISASTER TRIAGE

DISASTER TRIAGE Triage during:

A. Triage Systems Used in the Philippines

B. Triage Categories

II. MASS CASUALTY INCIDENT (MCI) RESPONSE A. Scene and Patient Management

B. Philippine MCI Challenges

Ethical Dilemmas

Typhoon-related flooding

A. Disaster Profile

B. Triage Priorities in Mass Flooding Events

One. IMMEDIATE (RED)

Two. DELAYED (YELLOW)

Four. EXPECTANT (BLACK)

C. Nursing Responsibilities

B. Subacute/Post-Impact Phase

Earthquake collapse scenarios

A. Disaster Profile

B. Triage Priorities in Collapse Events

One. IMMEDIATE (RED)

Two. DELAYED (YELLOW)

Three. MINIMAL (GREEN)

Four. EXPECTANT (BLACK)

C. Specialized Nursing Interventions

B. Compartment Syndrome

C. Psychological Trauma

Fire and stampede incidents

A. Fire Incidents

A two. Fire-Specific Triage Priorities

One. IMMEDIATE (RED)

Two. DELAYED (YELLOW)

Four. EXPECTANT (BLACK)

A three. Nursing Interventions

B. Stampede Incidents

B two. Triage Priorities in Stampede Events

Two. DELAYED (YELLOW)

Three. MINIMAL (GREEN)

EXPECTANT (BLACK)

B three. Nursing Interventions

Disaster triage categories

START

IMMEDIATE/EMERGENT (CLASS ONE) RED

CONDITIONS

BONE FRACTURES

INTEGUMENTARY

MINIMAL/NON-URGENT (CLASS THREE) GREEN

CONDITIONS

EXPECTANT (CLASS FOUR) BLACK

START: Potential Problems with Children

Why do we need a pediatric tool?

STEP ONE

STEP TWO

STEP Five

MASS CASUALTY INCIDENT RESPONSE

SCENE SIZE-UP AND SAFETY

Steps followed during a scene size-up:

PATIENT IDENTIFICATION

· The ABCDE strategy

RAPID PRIMARY ASSESSMENT

Two. BREATHING (Goal: Sufficient oxygenation and ventilation) Look-listen- feel approach. SpO2 - ETCO2 - USG - X-ray - CT. Assess:

Three. CIRCULATION (Goal: Stabilization of circulation) Assess:

Four. DISABILITY (Goal: Evaluation of neurological state) Assess:

Five. ENVIRONMENT OR EXPOSURE (Goal: Revealing other symptoms and the thermo management) Assess:

ONGOING ASSESSMENT

REPEAT INITIAL ASSESSMENT

CHECK INTERVENTIONS

B. PHILIPPINE MASS CASUALTY INCIDENT CHALLENGES

· Hospital Overcrowding. Casualty incidents can quickly exceed capacity, limiting their ability to provide timely care to all casualties.

· Coordination Gaps Between Agencies. Limited integration and communication between local government units, Department of Health, Philippine National Police, and Bureau of Fire Protection can lead to delayed or duplicated response efforts.

ETHICAL DILEMMAS

The following are ethical dilemmas of MASS CASUALTY INCIDENTS:

PEDIATRIC VERSUS ADULT PATIENTS

Ethical principles involved:

EXPECTANT PATIENTS WITH LIMITED RESOURCES

Universally Accepted Hospital Emergency Color Codes

Here is what typically happens if the wrong color is called:

Two. The Risk of "Resource Misallocation"

Three. "The Boy Who Cried Wolf" Effect

Four. Legal and Professional Standing

DOH Disaster Alert Levels

NDRRMC Disaster Alert Codes

NDRRMC Rainfall/Flood Warning Codes

In the Philippines, emergency response is a combination of nationwide "Unified" hotlines and specialized local numbers.

Two. Cebu City Emergency Hotlines

Primary Cebu City Shortcuts

If you prank call nine one one, one six six, or any emergency line, you face the following consequences:

Two. Advanced Tracking (You Will Be Caught)

Three. Consequences for Minors

Four. Real-World Impact

Overview

The document provides an overview of the challenges faced by the Philippines due to its geographic location and the prevalence of disasters. It emphasizes the importance of disaster nursing in meeting the health needs of affected populations and outlines prevention and mitigation strategies.

Key Points

1The Philippines is highly vulnerable to natural disasters due to its location along the Pacific Ring of Fire
2Disaster nursing adapts professional skills to address the needs of disaster victims
3A systematic approach to disaster risk reduction aims to minimize health impacts
4Community involvement is crucial in disaster preparedness and recovery efforts
5Psychological support is essential for individuals affected by disasters.

Details

Authors: Abucejo, Aniban, Camacho, Guerrero, Tan, Yuson
Category: Health and Medicine

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