Fifteen point six Disorders of Circulatory System

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Contents

Fifteen point six Disorders of Circulatory System

Fifteen point six Disorders of Circulatory System

CHAPTER Fifteen

BODY FLUIDS AND

BODY FLUIDS AND

You have learnt that all living cells have to be provided with nutrients, oxygen and other essential substances. Also, the waste or harmful substances produced, have to be removed continuously for healthy functioning of tissues. It is therefore, essential to have efficient mechanisms for the movement of these substances to the cells and from the cells. Different groups of animals have evolved different methods for this transport. Simple organisms like sponges and coelenterates circulate water from their surroundings through their body cavities to facilitate the cells to exchange these substances. More complex organisms use special fluids within their bodies to transport such materials. Blood is the most commonly used body fluid by most of the higher organisms, including humans, for this purpose. Another body fluid, lymph, also helps in the transport of certain substances. In this chapter, you will learn about the composition and properties of blood and lymph, tissue fluid, and the mechanism of circulation of blood is also explained herein.

Fifteen point one BLOOD

Fifteen point one point one Plasma

Fifteen point one point two Formed Elements

BODY FLUIDS AND CIRCULATION

Fifteen point one point three Blood Groups

Fifteen point one point three point one ABO grouping

Fifteen point one point three point two Rh grouping

Fifteen point one point four Coagulation of Blood

BODY FLUIDS AND CIRCULATION

Fifteen point three CIRCULATORY PATHWAYS

Fifteen point three point one Human Circulatory System

BODY FLUIDS AND CIRCULATION

Fifteen point three point two Cardiac Cycle

bicuspid valves due to attempted backflow of blood into the atria. As the ventricular pressure increases further, the semilunar valves guarding the pulmonary artery (right side) and the aorta (left si

hepatic portal system. The hepatic portal vein carries blood from intestine to the liver before it is delivered to the systemic circulation. A special coronary system of blood vessels is present in ou

Fifteen point five REGULATION OF CARDIAC ACTIVITY

Fifteen point six DISORDERS OF CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

BODY FLUIDS AND CIRCULATION

SUMMARY

BIOLOGY

EXERCISES

Overview

This chapter discusses the various disorders of the circulatory system, focusing on the composition and function of blood and lymph, as well as the mechanisms that facilitate their circulation in the body. It also explores the significance of blood groups and the coagulation process.

Key Points

1Blood is a special connective tissue critical for transporting nutrients and gases
2Erythrocytes, leucocytes, and platelets are the primary components of blood
3The circulatory system is vital for maintaining homeostasis and delivering oxygen
4Blood transfusions require careful matching to avoid severe reactions
5The lymphatic system plays a key role in immune response and fluid balance

Details

Category: Health and Medicine

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Fifteen point six Disorders of Circulatory System

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