HIP REGION: HIP AND THIGH - BONES AND JOINTS

Download PDF

100%

Try now

HIP REGION:

HIP AND THIGH - BONES AND JOINTS:

Anatomy of the hip and thigh:

Pelvic girdle - structure and function:

Pelvis (pelvic girdle):

Supports and protects abdominal and pelvic organs.

Transmits forces from the head and trunk to the lower limbs.

Provides attachment sites for muscles and ligaments.

Composed of:

Two hip (innominate) bones (ilium, ischium, pubis).

Sacrum and coccyx (form a ring-like bony structure).

Articulations of the pelvis:

Divisions of the pelvis:

Lesser pelvis (true pelvis):

Male Vs Female Pelvic Girdle:

Ligament attachments:

Structure and function:

Proximal femur (thigh bone):

Structural features:

Components of the proximal femur:

Neck of femur:

Surgical neck:

Trochanters:

Lesser trochanter:

Intertrochanteric structures:

Joints and ligaments:

Ligaments:

○ Motions of the pelvis:

. Potential issues:

· Potential issues:

○ Pelvic joints:

Acetabulofemoral joint (hip joint) components:

o Ligaments of the hip joint:

○ Other hip ligaments:

HIP MUSCLES:

Gluteal region - superficial muscles (overview):

Gluteal muscles - deep muscles (short lateral rotator): ○

Deep group:

Piriformis:

Obturator internus and gemelli:

" Quadratus femoris:

Gluteal region muscles - Clinical slides:

Piriformis syndrome:

THIGH MUSCLES:

Important landmark muscle:

Anterior hip muscles (hip flexor group):

Medial thigh compartment: hip adduction, stabilization during gait/stance. Key muscles:

Medial thigh muscles (adductor group):

Adductor magnus: the largest muscle in the medial thigh compartment.

Posterior thigh muscles (extensor group):

IMPORTANT STRUCTURES IN THE HIP AND THIGH:

NAVEL (lateral to medial):

Adductor canal (Hunter's/subsartorial canal):

Knee region - Bones, Joints, and Muscles

Landmarks of the knee:

Medial femoral condyle: Forms the medial part of the knee joint, articulating with the medial tibial plateau.

Epicondyles:

Patellar surface: Composed of medial and lateral facets, forming the sloping sides of the trochlear groove.

Popliteal surface:

Proximal tibia: the largest weight-bearing medial bone of the leg.

Tibial landmarks:

Medial tibial plateau:

Lateral tibial plateau:

Tubercles of the intercondylar eminence:

Anterior border, shin crest:

A vertical ridge along the lateral aspect of the tibia.

Surfaces of the tibia:

Just inferior to the tibial tuberosity is the attachment site for the Pes Anserinus muscle:

Additional bony features:

Impression for Iliotibial tract: attachment site for the iliotibial band.

The largest sesamoid bone in the body.

Facets for articulation with the femur:

Functions of the patella:

KNEE JOINTS AND LIGAMENTS:

Articulating surfaces:

Motions permitted:

Patellofemoral joint:

Screw home mechanism:

Ligaments of the knee, collateral ligaments:

Lateral collateral ligament:

Cruciate ligaments:

Involves injury to:

MUSCLES OF THE KNEE:

Popliteal fossa:

Ankle and Foot - Bones, Joints, and Muscles

Calcaneus (heel bone/Os Calcis):

ANKLE AND FOOT JOINTS AND LIGAMENTS:

MUSCLES OF THE LEG AND SOLE OF THE FOOT:

Muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg:

Muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg:

Muscles of the sole:

ARCHES OF THE FOOT, MECHANISM OF ARCH SUPPORT, AND TARSAL TUNNEL:

Active support (muscular support):

Types of foot arches:

Tarsal tunnel:

Overview

The document serves as an in-depth review of the anatomy related to the hip and thigh, discussing the pelvic girdle's structure and function, articulations, and associated musculature. It highlights important clinical insights relevant to the hip region.

Key Points

1The pelvic girdle supports and protects abdominal organs
2Sacroiliac joints are strong weight-bearing joints crucial for stability
3The male and female pelvic girdles exhibit structural differences
4Major muscles involved include gluteal, anterior, and medial thigh muscles
5Clinical findings such as Trendelenburg sign highlight importance of hip function

Details

Category: Health and Medicine

PDF
Neonatal Disorders
This document provides a comprehensive overview of neonatal disorders, including case scenarios and learning objectives targeted at third-year medical students. It outlines essential management plans and assessment procedures for common neonatal conditions.
PDF
13. Gross Anatomy: Muscles of the Hand
This document outlines the anatomy of the intrinsic muscles of the hand, detailing their compartments and clinical significance, particularly in relation to carpal tunnel syndrome and recurrent branch injuries.
PDF
12. Gross Anatomy: RA Upper Extremities
This document outlines a detailed guide on gross anatomy focused on the upper extremities, covering the shoulder, humerus, elbow, forearm, and hand/wrist series with an emphasis on radiographic examination techniques and anatomical considerations.
PDF
11. Gross Anatomy: Compartments of the Forearm
This document outlines the anatomy of the forearm, detailing the anterior and posterior compartments, including the muscles, their origins, insertions, innervation, and actions. It serves as a comprehensive guide for students studying gross anatomy.
PDF
10. Gross Anatomy: Bones and Muscles of the Shoulder and Arm
This document outlines the anatomy of the shoulder and arm, including details on the muscles and bones, their origins, insertions, innervations, and primary actions. It provides learning objectives that aim to enhance students' understanding of arm anatomy.