Chapter 1
Chapter 1
Doubt is definitely going to eat you this review season. I just want you to know that it is very valid to feel that way. But always remember to go back to the reason why you are doing this.
May this reviewer help you pass the boards like it did to me and to many people that I know.
We will be remembered
One. Assumes there is one best configuration to accomplish goals
One. Scientific Analysis will identify the one best way to organize for production
One. Deal with the formal organization and concepts to increase management efficiency
One. Both people and organizations act in accordance with rational economic principles
One. To be successful in this new economy, industrial and mechanical engineers are needed to organize production systems to keep the machines busy and work flowing
One. Functional Principle - concept behind division of labor, that is, organizations should be divided into units that perform similar functions into areas of specialization
One. Scalar Principle - deals with the organization's vertical growth and refers to the chain of command that grows with levels added to the organization
Each subordinate should be accountable to only one superior (unity of command).
One. Line/Staff Principle
Line Functions: have primary responsibilities for meeting the major goals of the organization, like the production department.
Staff Function: support the line's activities but are regarded as subsidiary in overall importance to line functions.
One. Span-Of-Control Principle - refers to the number of subordinates a manager is responsible for supervising.
Large Span-of-Control produce flat organizations, whilst, smaller Span-of-Control produce taller organizations.
A. Scientific Management by Frederick Taylor
The organization is a machine, a pragmatic machine whose focus is to simply run more effectively.
Taylor believed that scientific principles could be applied to the study of work behavior to help increase worker efficiency and productivity.
Based on the concept of planning of work to achieve efficiency, standardization, specialization, and simplification.
The advantages of productivity improvement should go to workers.
Physical stress and anxiety should be eliminated.
Capabilities of workers should be developed through training.
Traditional boss concept should be eliminated.
Mainly associated with high levels of job specialization and standardization.
Conducted time and motion studies and analyzed temperature, illumination, and other conditions of work, all while looking at the effects of these conditions on productivity and efficiency.
Taylorism: has a premise that there is one best way to get the job done.
Management gathers data from the workers, who are in the best position to understand the job duties and tasks.
Workers are selected carefully or scientifically and trained so that they become more efficient than ever.
Scientific selection, data collection, and training are combined to enhance efficiency.
The work itself is redistributed, with management taking over tasks previously left to subordinated.
The most effective companies have detailed procedures and work practices developed by engineers, enforced by supervisors, and executed by employees.
Taylor, along with Frank and Lillian Gilbreth implemented the principles of scientific management.
Worker efficiency would lead to greater managerial efficiency.
Scientific Selection of the worker.
Management and labor cooperation rather than conflict.
Scientific training of the worker.
B. Bureaucracy by Max Weber
B. Bureaucracy by Max Weber
Described the structure, organization, and operation of many efficient organizations.
Ideal form of organization.
Includes formal hierarchy, division of labor, and a clear set of operating procedures.
Well-defined authority hierarchy with strict rules for governing behavior, with few members with highest status on the top.
Increase productivity by reducing inefficiencies in organizational operations.