Infection Control and Vital Signs Overview

100%

Know medical terms

SLO for Week One

One. Explain the infection cycle.

a. Infectious agent i. Bacteria (E. coli, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus)

ii. Virus (HIV, common cold, influenza [seasonal flu], Covid nineteen, hepatitis A, B, C)

iii. Fungi (Athlete's foot, ring worm, yeast infection)

iv. Parasites (Malaria occurs from mosquitoes infected with a parasite)

b. Reservoir: where the pathogen normally lives, grows, and multiplies before it spreads i. People ii. Animals iii. Soil iv. Food v. Water vi. Milk vii. Objects c. Portal of exit - how the germ leaves the reservoir to spread i. Respiratory (coughing, sneezing)

ii. Gastrointestinal (vomit or feces)

iii. Genitourinary Tracts (urine, reproductive fluids)

iv. Skin Breakdown (open wounds, drainage)

v. Blood and Tissue d. Means of transmission i. Contact

One. Close Proximity: Touching, kissing, Sexual intercourse.

Two. Indirect contact:

a. Vector - living creature that transmits a pathogen to humans. Examples mosquitoes, ticks b. Fomite - an inanimate object that harbors a pathogen. Example touching an infected door handle ii. Droplet -

One. organism greater than five microns.

Two. Heavy enough to land on surfaces. Example: cough and sneeze iii. Airborne -

One. less than five microns.

Two. Can remain in the air. Example: can be produced through talking e. Portal of entry i. Respiratory (coughing, sneezing)

ii. Gastrointestinal (vomit or feces)

iii. Genitourinary Tracts (urine, reproductive fluids)

iv. Skin Breakdown (open wounds, drainage)

v. Blood and Tissue f. Susceptible host

What makes a susceptible host?

Two. List the stages of an infection.

Three. Identify patients at risk for developing an infection.

Four. Describe nursing interventions used to break the chain of infection.

Five. Identify situations in which hand hygiene is indicated.

Five. Identify multidrug-resistant organisms that are prevalent in hospitalized patients and community settings.

Nine. Understand nosocomial infections (Hospital acquired / HAIs

SLO Week Two

Where to assess

Pulse

Arteries:

· Define normal ranges for vital signs and abnormal vital sign values

· Blood Pressure:

· Identify factors that can affect vital signs

· Differentiate between modifiable versus unmodifiable risk factors

- Identify sites for assessing temperature, pulse, respirations, and blood pressure

- Demonstrate accurate documentation of vital signs

Overview

The document outlines critical aspects of infection control, including the infection cycle and the roles of nursing interventions to prevent infections. Additionally, it details methods for accurately measuring and interpreting vital signs in patients.

Key Points

1Understanding the infection cycle is vital for infection control
2Nursing interventions include hand hygiene and personal protective equipment
3Accurate vital sign assessment is crucial for patient care
4Identifying multidrug-resistant organisms is essential in clinical settings

Details

Category: Health and Medicine

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