bf10-2026-02-06_13_52_24-rfbt-obligation.pdf
KINDS OF OBLIGATIONS AS TO BASIS AND ENFORCEABILITY
Requisites of an Object or Prestation of an Obligation:
ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF OBLIGATION
Obligations of the officious manager:
Three. QUASI-CONTRACTS (Obligations ex quasi-contractu)
NOMINATE QUASI-CONTRACTS:
Other example of Quasi-Contracts:
Five. QUASI-DELICTS (Obligations ex quasi-delicto or ex quasi-maleficio)
Persons Exempt from Both Civil and Criminal Liability:
Four. DELICT (Obligations ex maleficio or ex delicto)
Quasi-Delict versus Crime/Delict
MULTIPLE SOURCES OF OBLIGATIONS: a single act can be the source of multiple sources of obligations.
CONCURRENT OBLIGATIONS IN OBLIGATIONS TO GIVE A
NATURE AND EFFECT OF OBLIGATIONS
DAMAGES - an action for damages may be demanded in case of non-fulfillment of an obligation.
REMEDIES FOR BREACH OF OBLIGATIONS
SPECIFIC CIRCUMSTANCES AFFECTING OBLIGATIONS IN GENERAL
Requisites of Accion Pauliana
Requisites of Accion Subrogatoria
Contract of common carrier - Extraordinary diligence on the part of common carrier
Examples of degree of care required by law:
Kinds of Negligence as to SOURCE:
Mora Solvendi - delay on the part of the debtor, which may either be: Mora solvendi ex re: in real obligations
Negligence on the part of the supposed injured party:
WHEN CONSIDERED IN DEFAULT: General Rule: upon demand, which may be judicial or extrajudicial.
Obligation Not To Do: there is no delay in obligations not to do.
Five. FORTUITOUS EVENT: is an excuse for non-performance.
POTESTATIVE CONDITION: a condition dependent solely on the will of one of the parties.
EFFECT OF FULFILLMENT OF CONDITIONS:
ILLUSTRATION: I will give you my land if you marry X by December thirty-first, twenty-xx.
DEBTOR'S LOSS OF BENEFIT OF THE PERIOD: the debtor loses the right to make use of the period in the following cases:
ILLUSTRATION: D is indebted to C for one hundred thousand pesos payable on or before December thirty-first, twenty-xx. Can D pay before the due date?
THE COURTS CAN FIX THE PERIOD IN THE FOLLOWING CIRCUMSTANCES:
AS TO PLURALITY OF PRESTATION
Payment by Mistake during pendency of the suspensive condition or period:
AS TO RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF MULTIPLE PARTIES
ii. Right of Choice: generally, it belongs to the debtor, except:
Right of choice belongs to:
Solidarity arises when the obligation:
Examples of Total Defenses:
ENFORCEMENT OF SOLIDARY OBLIGATIONS:
MODES OF EXTINGUISHMENT OF OBLIGATIONS
OTHER CLASSIFICATIONS OF OBLIGATIONS
Other causes of extinguishment of obligations:
OBLIGATION WITH A PENAL CLAUSE
Provisions related to PAYMENT OR PERFORMANCE:
- Provisions as to the PAYEE Payment may be made to:
THING to be paid or delivered
Dacion en pago vs. Pactum Commissorium:
Three. Payment by Cession or Assignment
ILLUSTRATION: D is indebted to C, as follows:
Fivetivity of the Consignation: happens either:
Four. Tender of Payment and Consignation
Withdrawal of the Thing Deposited:
One. As to nature: Physical (by reason of its nature); and Legal (through some subsequent law);
Two. As to whom impossibility refers:
LOSS OF THE THING DUE OR IMPOSSIBILITY OF PERFORMANCE
As to manner of remission
Four. As to period of impossibility: Permanent or Temporary.
Three. As to extent: Partial or Total;
CONFUSION OR MERGER OF RIGHTS
When compensation may not be proper:
Two. Change in the principal conditions of the obligation, which may either be:
Objective or Real Novation
Which of the following consists of a bilateral obligation?
Which of the following is a negative obligation?
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS