Articles on Obligations

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Article one thousand one hundred fifty-six. An obligation is a juridical necessity to give, to do or not to do.

Article one thousand one hundred fifty-seven. Obligations arise from:

One. Law;

Two. Contracts;

Three. Quasi-contracts;

Four. Acts or omissions punished by law; and

Five. Quasi-delicts.

Article one thousand one hundred fifty-eight. Obligations derived from law are not presumed. Only those expressly determined in this Code or in special laws are demandable, and shall be regulated by the precepts of the law which establishes them; and as to what has not been foreseen, by the provisions of this Book.

Article one thousand one hundred fifty-nine. Obligations arising from contracts have the force of law between the contracting parties and should be complied with in good faith.

Article one thousand one hundred sixty. Obligations derived from quasi-contracts shall be subject to the provisions of Chapter one, Title fifteen, of this Book.

Article one thousand one hundred sixty-one. Civil obligations arising from criminal offenses shall be governed by the penal laws, subject to the provisions of article two thousand one hundred seventy-seven, and of the pertinent provisions of Chapter two, Preliminary Title, on Human Relations, and of Title fifteen of this Book, regulating damages.

Article one thousand one hundred sixty-two. Obligations derived from quasi-delicts shall be governed by the provisions of Chapter two, Title fifteen of this Book, and by special laws.

CHAPTER two. Nature and Effect of Obligations

Article one thousand one hundred seventy-five. Usurious transactions shall be governed by special laws.

CHAPTER three. Different Kinds of Obligations

Article one thousand one hundred eighty-six. The condition shall be deemed fulfilled when the obligor voluntarily prevents its fulfillment.

SECTION TWO Obligations with a Period

Article one thousand one hundred ninety-eight. The debtor shall lose every right to make use of the period:

SECTION THREE Alternative Obligations

Article one thousand two hundred zero. The right of choice belongs to the debtor, unless it has been expressly granted to the creditor.

Article one thousand two hundred one. The choice shall produce no effect except from the time it has been communicated.

SECTION four Joint and Solidary Obligations

SECTION Five Divisible and Indivisible Obligations

SECTION Six Obligations with a Penal Clause

CHAPTER Four Extinguishment of Obligations

Overview

The document outlines the legal framework surrounding obligations, including their creation and enforcement. It emphasizes the distinction between different types of obligations and the principles governing them within a legal context.

Key Points

1An obligation is a juridical necessity to give or perform an action
2Obligations arise from law, contracts, quasi-contracts, and delicts
3The creditor's rights and the debtor's responsibilities are clearly defined
4Conditional obligations are valid unless they're dependent solely on the debtor's will
5Liability for damages arises from fraud, negligence, or delay in fulfilling obligations

Details

Category: Law and Legal Studies

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