New Political Economy From Depoliticisation to Dedemocratisation: Revisiting the Neoliberal Turn in Macroeconomics

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New Political Economy From Depoliticisation to Dedemocratisation: Revisiting the Neoliberal Turn in Macroeconomics New Political Economy

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From Depoliticisation to Dedemocratisation: Revisiting the Neoliberal Turn in Macroeconomics

The last decades of the twentieth century saw a liberal turn in macroeconomic policy from government discretion towards policy rules and depoliticisation. Intellectually, this turn was inspired by the wave of the New Classical Macroeconomic theory that emerged to eclipse Keynesianism in the nineteen seventies. This paper revisits some of the central papers and models of New Classical Macroeconomic theory, including Kydland and Prescott's nineteen seventy-seven 'Time Inconsistency Model', Sargent and Wallace's nineteen seventy-six 'Policy-ineffectiveness proposition' and the micro foundations of the Lucas-critique from nineteen seventy-six. Through an investigation of the political and economic context inspired by Ellen Meiksins Woods' social history of political thought, this paper investigates the ideological tenets of the neoliberal turn in macroeconomics associated with New Classical Macroeconomic theory. In policy and scholarly debates, New Classical Macroeconomic theory has primarily been viewed as a critique of government intervention in the economy. This paper challenges this notion and stresses that New Classical Macroeconomic theory is not primarily a critique of government action, but rather a critique of the role of democracy and popular participation in governance. This rereading offers new insights into the relationship between neoclassical economics and neoliberal policy in the nineteen seventies transition and casts new light on our general understanding of the relations between liberal political economy and democratic governance.

Introduction

Methodological Approach

Reading Economics as Political Theory

Application in Practice

Depoliticisation

The Rational Expectations Revolution

New Classical Macroeconomics

Methodological Innovation from Inside the Mainstream

Problems of Inconsistency and Credibility

Rhetorical, Political, and Social Contexts

Rhetorical Context - Mathematics and Postwar Economics

Political Context - Crisis of the Keynesian Hegemony

Social Context: Capitalism and Democracy

Conclusion

Disclosure statement

Notes on contributor

Overview

The paper challenges the conventional perspective that neoliberalism primarily criticizes government intervention by highlighting its critique of democracy and popular participation in economic decision-making. It re-evaluates the role of New Classical Macroeconomics in shaping economic policy and its philosophical implications.

Key Points

1Neoliberalism critiques democracy rather than just state power
2The New Classical Macroeconomic theory plays a crucial role in macroeconomic policy shifts
3A historical context helps to understand the ideological tenets of neoliberalism
4The shift from discretion to policy rules reflects a movement towards dedemocratisation
5Understanding these shifts is vital for grasping current tensions between capitalism and democracy.

Details

Authors: Rune Møller Stahl
Category: Social Sciences

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