Social Deviation and Social Work

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MODULE ONE: Social Deviation and Social Work

Deviance

- An act that violates the social norm

- Any action that is perceived as violating some widely shared moral values or norms of a society or group culture

- Violation of standards of conduct or expectations of a group in society.

- Fails to conform to the norms of the group. Norm violations range from minor infractions, such as bad manners, to major infractions such as serious violence.

- "It is not the act, but the reactions to the act, that make it something deviant.

- The social definition, according to Erikson:

- "No act is inherently deviant."

- "Property conferred upon behavior"

- It elicits social disapproval

It changes over time ...

● E.g. some forms of gambling that were prohibited before may cease to be deviant upon legalization of such games

According to Scott McNall and Sally McNall

- They are people who break society's rules. - People know that non-compliance equals punishment

- Compliance equals reward

- In early times, there was no distinction between crimes and criminals. Violators were hanged and executed.

Crime - familiar type of deviance

- It is a violation of norms formally enacted into criminal law

- Theories of Criminal Behavior were developed in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

- Social Control - attempts by society to regulate people's thoughts and behavior

Historical Views on Deviance in the Western World SPIRITUALISTIC VIEW (between fifth - fifteenth century)

CLASSICAL SCHOOL (Between seventeenth - eighteenth century)

His Arguments:

BIOLOGICAL ERA (nineteenth centuries)

Bio-Psycho Theories Biological Theories

Three types of somatotypes:

Biology, genetics, and evolution:

PSYCHOLOGICAL ERA (twentieth centuries)

EXAMPLE

Sociological Context

Social learning theory:

Social control theory:

Labeling theory:

MODULE TWO: Concept of Deviance

Three functions/contributions of Deviance.

Categories of Deviant Behaviors

Deviance of Intelligence and thought

Deviation in Affect

Disordered Sensation and Perception

Deviation in Motivation

Deviation in Verbal and Motor Behaviors

Examples of Relative Definitions of Deviance: A. Class Context

B. Sexual Context (Gender)

C. Professional vs. Domestic Context

D. Cultural Context

Relative Definitions of Deviance

Three examples that highlight the relative nature of deviance are provided below:

Taboo

Four different types of deviant behaviors (Howard Becker)

Two types of deviant activities

MODULE Three: Abnormal / Maladaptive Behaviors Abnormal Psychology

WHAT IS AN ABNORMAL BEHAVIOR?

MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR

FORMS OF MALADJUSTMENTS

Severe Maladjustments

Most common types:

COMMON TYPES OF DELINQUENCY

SEVERE MALADJUSTMENTS (Two) Psychoneurosis

General Classifications:

Psychoses

General Classifications:

Two. Functional Psychoses

Three. Affective Reactions

SOME EXAMPLES

CAUSES

TREATMENT/THERAPY

ADAPTIVE BEHAVIORS

MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIORS

SOME COMMON MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIORS

A Common manifestation:

TREATMENT:

Self-Harm or Deliberate Self-Harm

TREATMENT:

Substance Abuse or Addiction

Withdrawing

Develops Social Withdrawal

Converting Anxiety to Anger

TREATMENT:

FOUR CATEGORIES OF MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIORS (IN CHILDREN OR YOUTH)

POWER-SEEKING BEHAVIORS

REVENGE BEHAVIORS

DISPLAY OF INADEQUACY BEHAVIORS

MODULE FOUR: Personality Disorder

PERSONALITY

PERSONALITY DISORDER

SCHIZOID

SCHIZOTYPAL

CLUSTER A

HISTRIONIC

NARCISSISTIC

CLUSTER B

Cluster C: Fearful or Anxious AVOIDANT

DEPENDENT

OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE

CLUSTER C

MODULE FIVE: SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM AND OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS

WHAT CAUSES SCHIZOPHRENIA?

SYMPTOMS OF SCHIZOPHRENIA

NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS - symptoms that reflect defects or deficits in normal functioning

PHASES OF SCHIZOPHRENIA

TYPES OF SCHIZOPHRENIA

How is Schizophrenia treated?

PSYCHOSIS

Possible Causes of Psychosis:

What is the difference between psychosis and schizophrenia?

MOOD DISORDER

Two types of Bipolar Disorder:

● Hypomanic Episode

HYPOMANIC EPISODE

How Mental Clutter Affects Daily Life

Stress and Anxiety

Major Depressive Episode

One. Depressed Mood

Depressed mood

MODULE SIX: ANXIETY, CONDUCT, AND EATING

Anxiety Phobia

SPECIFIC PHOBIAS

Situational and Other phobias

SOCIAL ANXIETY

CHARACTERISTIC:

How can Social Work help:

PANIC DISORDER

How can Social Work help:

Conduct Disorder

Aggression to People and Animals

Destruction of Property

Deceitfulness or Theft

Serious Violations of Rules

How can Social Work help:

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

Angry or Irritable Mood

Argumentative or Defiant Behavior

Vindictiveness

How can Social Work help:

Intermittent Explosive Disorder

How can Social Work help:

Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa

Characteristics of Binge Eating

HOW CAN SOCIAL WORKERS HELP THEM:

CONCLUSION:

Overview

The text provides an in-depth analysis of social deviance, discussing its definitions, historical perspectives, and the various theories that attempt to explain the causes of deviant behavior. It highlights the importance of societal reactions to deviance and the implications for social work practices.

Key Points

1Social deviance is defined by violations of societal norms and values
2Historical views on deviance have evolved from spiritualistic to sociological explanations
3Various theories, including rational choice and social learning, explore why individuals engage in deviant behavior
4Stigma plays a significant role in marking individuals as deviant in society
5Deviance can lead to social change and reinforce societal norms.

Details

Category: Social Sciences

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